5Salvatore Giuliano

Not providing adequate food to the poor is a quick way to kick off a revolution. Without a good meal to make them sleepy and passive, you’re instead going to have hunger kicking thoughts of resentment into overdrive. So when, in the early 1940s, Sicily’s government wasn’t able to handle food distribution, they weren’t swimming in good will. Forget fake Rolexes, the black market there at the time was flooded with a basic resource: food.

Salvatore Giuliano, after being almost killed in a police altercation while smuggling wheat, decided he was done with the ruling class’, well, rules. Over the next few years, he would become famous for robbing the rich and redistributing the money to the poor. He was beloved even by the hostages he took, who he was known for treating kindly (still not ideal, but it could be a lot worse when you’re human leverage). Giuliano’s exploits weren’t exactly bloodless, and he killed plenty of police during these criminal pursuits, but given that we’re talking about police that were at the time an arm of a Nazi government, sympathy doesn’t exactly flow like water. He was eventually murdered by his right-hand-man-turned-police-informant, who I can’t imagine got a lot of free drinks in that neighborhood anymore.

4Juraj Janosik

The actual criminal career of Slovak bandit-turned-icon Juraj Janosik was very short. One of the downsides to taking on an extremely powerful empire is that they’re going to have ample resources they can dedicate to taking out the man spitting in their face. It also guarantees that if you are caught, you’re not going out in any sort of humane or dignified way. This proved true for Janosik, who only managed less than two years of good-intentioned robbery before being tortured and executed by a hook through the side — far from comfortable.

Janosik’s enemy was the Habsburg dynasty, pretty much as deserving a target as you can draw up. Slovakia was filled with a population indebted by serfdom to Hungary, ruled by a family famous for their blind nepotism even in a time when monarchy was the rule. They were beyond eager to back somebody willing to cause the ruling class some pain. Given how badly they needed a win, Janosik was destined for martyrdom long before his death, a destiny that came true, with him still considered one of the national heroes of Slovakia.

3Bulla Felix

Again, we’re looking, unsurprisingly, at a society with a huge socioeconomic divide. After all, if you want to build a Robin Hood-like legend, you need a clear baddie and a suitably starving populace to toss those coins to. This time, we’re in Rome, all the way back when Jesus Christ was a recent real guy instead of the world’s most popular statue.

The man in question was Bulla Felix, which translates to “Lucky Charm.” A story so silver-screen ready it almost seems impossible that he’s never gotten a prestige HBO mini-series. Maybe one reason is that whether he existed is up for debate. It’s not a hard no, like Zeus or Godzilla, but historians have their doubts that he existed, or at the very least, wasn’t a composite of a couple inspiring fellows.

If we’re to believe the popular story, Bulla Felix and a band of accomplices decided to rob a caravan of wealthy merchants and, emerging victorious, distributed their ill-gotten gains to the needy. They formed a group in order to run back this bit of guerrilla trickle-down economics, calling themselves the “Green Brigands.” If all this is sounding just a little too close to Robin Hood, it’s for good reason: Historians also think Bulla Felix might have had some influence on modern Robin Hood retellings.